How Can I Output a Character as an Integer Using C 's `cout`?

How to Output a Character as an Integer Using cout

The provided code aims to print character variables as integers using the stream manipulator hex. However, it fails since cout by default treats characters as characters and not integers.

To address this, we need a way to convert the character to a numeric type that cout can interpret. One approach is to use the unary operator:

char a = 0xab;
cout << +a;

The unary operator promotes the character a to a type that is printable as a number. This technique is reliable as long as the type provides a unary operator with ordinary semantics.

For custom types, a operator can be defined to return the value of the object itself, either by value or by reference-to-const:

class Number {
public:
    operator+() const { return *this; }
    // ...
};

By implementing this method, the Number class can be printed as an integer using the unary operator. This approach provides a clean and concise solution for printing characters as integers.

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