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Dynamically Importing a Module from a Specified Path
In Python, importing a module is usually achieved by specifying its name. However, what if you need to import a module from a specific file, regardless of its location in the filesystem?
Solution:
To dynamically import a module based on its full path, you can utilize any of the following techniques:
Python 3.5 (Recommended):
import importlib.util import sys spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("module.name", "/path/to/file.py") foo = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec) sys.modules["module.name"] = foo spec.loader.exec_module(foo) foo.MyClass() # Access a class within the module
Python 3.3 and 3.4:
from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader foo = SourceFileLoader("module.name", "/path/to/file.py").load_module() foo.MyClass() # Access a class within the module
Python 2:
import imp foo = imp.load_source('module.name', '/path/to/file.py') foo.MyClass() # Access a class within the module
Note that these methods offer convenient options for importing compiled Python files and DLLs as well.
Additional Note:
It's worth mentioning that this approach is particularly useful when working with dynamically generated modules or modules that are not installed in any of the standard Python paths.
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