How Can I Update the Same Table Within a MySQL Trigger After an INSERT Operation?

Trigger Limitations in MySQL: Updating the Same Table

MySQL triggers provide a mechanism to perform automated actions based on database events. However, there are limitations in using triggers for updating the same table where the event originated. This is due to the restriction that prevents a trigger from modifying a table that is already being used by the statement that invoked the trigger.

Problem Statement

In the provided scenario, the task is to update a specific row in an ACCOUNTS table when a new row is inserted into the same table. However, the update must be performed on an existing row where the primary key (pk) matches the edit_on value of the new row.

Trigger Implementation

The proposed trigger syntax aims to achieve this requirement:

DELIMITER $$

DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `setEditStatus`$$
CREATE TRIGGER `setEditStatus` AFTER INSERT on ACCOUNTS
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
    update ACCOUNTS set status='E' where ACCOUNTS.pk = NEW.edit_on ;
END$$

DELIMITER ;

Execution Error

Unfortunately, executing this trigger results in an error due to the restriction mentioned earlier: "Can't update table ACCOUNTS ... already used by the statement that invoked this trigger."

Workaround using Stored Procedure

Since triggers cannot be used for this purpose, an alternative approach is to create a stored procedure. A stored procedure allows for multiple operations within a single transaction, including the insertion into the ACCOUNTS table and updating the existing row.

The following is a sample stored procedure that accomplishes the task:

CREATE PROCEDURE `updateAccountStatus` (IN NEW_ROW_ID INT)
BEGIN
    -- Insert into the ACCOUNTS table
    INSERT INTO ACCOUNTS (user_id, edit_on, status)
    VALUES (NEW.user_id, NEW.edit_on, 'A');

    -- Update the existing row
    UPDATE ACCOUNTS SET status = 'E' WHERE pk = NEW_ROW_ID;

    -- Commit the changes
    COMMIT;
END

By calling the stored procedure with the ID of the newly inserted row, both the insertion and update operations can be executed in a single transaction, bypassing the trigger limitation.

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