How Can I Call Go Functions from a C Program Using Go 1.5's `-buildmode=c-archive`?

Calling Go Code from a C Program with Go 1.5

In Go 1.5, the -buildmode=c-archive feature was introduced to bridge Go code into non-Go environments. With this feature, you can integrate Go code into an existing C project, enabling you to delegate higher-level tasks to the more verbose Go.

Exporting Go Functions for C Invocation

To make Go functions available to C code, you must explicitly export them using special //export comments.

package main

import (
    "C"
    "fmt"
)

//export PrintInt
func PrintInt(x int) {
    fmt.Println(x)
}

func main() {}

Compiler Configuration for C Usage

Compiling the Go code as a C-callable library requires using the -buildmode=c-archive flag.

go build -buildmode=c-archive foo.go

This command generates a static library (foo.a) and a header file (foo.h) containing the exported function declaration.

Integrating into a C Project

Within your C project, include the generated header file and use the provided function as follows:

#include "foo.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    PrintInt(42);
    return 0;
}

Compilation and Execution

To compile the C program, use the -pthread flag for proper thread support.

gcc -pthread foo.c foo.a -o foo

Running the executable will now print the intended integer (42) to the console.

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