How Can I Manage Multiple Python Versions and Install Packages to Specific Versions Using PIP?

Managing Multiple Python Versions and PIP

Installing Packages to Specific Python Versions

When working with multiple Python versions, it becomes necessary to explicitly specify the target installation directory. Traditionally, users relied on tools like easy_install-2.{5,6} to handle this, but PIP offers a more versatile solution.

Using PIP for Versioned Installations

The current best practice is to use the -m flag, followed by the desired Python version. This method is consistent across all Python versions and virtual environments. Here are some examples:

# Installing to the default Python:
$ python -m pip install fish

# Installing to a virtualenv's Python:
$ .env/bin/python -m pip install fish

# Installing to a specific Python version:
$ python-3.6 -m pip install fish

Legacy Method for PIP Versions < 1.5

Prior to PIP version 1.5, a different syntax was employed. You could use pip-{version} to specify the target Python version. This method is no longer recommended but is provided for historical context:

$ pip-2.5 install myfoopackage
$ pip-2.6 install otherpackage
$ pip-2.7 install mybarpackage

For PIP versions 1.5 and above, use pipVERSION instead of pip-VERSION. Refer to the provided references for more information and changes over time.

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