How Can a Java Client Handle Self-Signed SSL Certificates?

Java Client Handling Self-Signed SSL Certificates

When a Java client encounters an SSL connection to a server with a self-signed certificate, it may fail with an error like:

sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed

Option 1: Adding to Truststore

To establish trust, add the self-signed certificate to the JVM truststore:

<JAVA_HOME>/bin/keytool -import -v -trustcacerts \
-alias server-alias -file server.cer \
-keystore cacerts.jks -keypass changeit \
-storepass changeit

Option 2: Disabling Certificate Validation (Not Recommended)

Disable certificate validation with the following code:

// Trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
    new X509TrustManager() {
        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}
        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}
        @Override
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return new X509Certificate[0]; }
    }
};

// Install trust manager
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());

However, disabling certificate validation is not recommended as it leaves the client vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks.

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