How to Make a URL-Encoded POST Request Using Go's `http.NewRequest(...)`?

Make a URL-Encoded POST Request Using http.NewRequest(...)

Building upon the fundamental principles of HTTP requests, developers often require the ability to construct requests with specific characteristics, such as those with a URL-encoded POST payload. This article will delve into the specifics of crafting such requests using the versatile http.NewRequest(...) method.

Traditionally, URL-encoded data is included within the URL query string. However, utilizing the http.NewRequest(...) method allows for greater control over header management. In this scenario, leaving the request body empty while appending the query to the URL is not a suitable approach.

The solution lies in providing the URL-encoded payload as a string via the io.Reader interface, which is elegantly demonstrated in the following code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
    "strconv"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    apiUrl := "https://api.com"
    resource := "/user/"
    data := url.Values{}
    data.Set("name", "foo")
    data.Set("surname", "bar")

    u, _ := url.ParseRequestURI(apiUrl)
    u.Path = resource
    urlStr := u.String() // "https://api.com/user/"

    client := &http.Client{}
    r, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, urlStr, strings.NewReader(data.Encode())) // URL-encoded payload
    r.Header.Add("Authorization", "auth_token=\"XXXXXXX\"")
    r.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")

    resp, _ := client.Do(r)
    fmt.Println(resp.Status) // Output: 200 OK
}

By incorporating the URL-encoded string within the request body via strings.NewReader(), the HTTP request is properly configured to deliver the intended payload. This revised approach eliminates the 400 BAD REQUEST error and ensures that the API correctly interprets the transmitted data.

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