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How to Fix Access Denied Errors When Using MySQL in a Docker Container
When using the MySQL Docker image, setting the MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD environment variable will not initialize a new database if a data directory already exists. This is because the container will start with the existing database filesystem, ignoring any environment variables.
To initialize a new database, delete the db_data volume and restart the container:
docker-compose down -v docker-compose up -d
This will wipe out any existing data in the db_data volume, so be sure to backup any important data beforehand.
Note: This approach also applies to other officially provided database Docker images, such as Postgres and MongoDB, that behave similarly.
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