How to Fix Spring Boot Connection Pool Timeouts with Hibernate and MySQL?

Connection Pool Timeout in Spring Boot with Hibernate and MySQL

When utilizing Spring Boot, JPA-Hibernate, and MySQL, users may encounter timeout errors indicating "CommunicationsException" issues. To address this issue, the recommended approach involves enabling connection validation and specifying the maximum number of connections allowed in the pool.

Configure Connection Pool Properties:

You can effectively configure your connection pool by setting the following properties in your application.properties:

• spring.datasource.max-active: Maximum number of active connections (default: 8)
• spring.datasource.initial-size: Number of initial connections (default: 0)
• spring.datasource.max-idle: Maximum number of idle connections (default: 8)
• spring.datasource.min-idle: Minimum number of idle connections (default: 0)
• spring.datasource.time-between-eviction-runs-millis: Time between connection validation checks (default: 5000 ms)
• spring.datasource.min-evictable-idle-time-millis: Minimum idle time before a connection is evicted (default: 60000 ms)

Enable Connection Validation:

To validate connections periodically and remove broken ones from the pool, set the following properties:

• spring.datasource.test-while-idle: Validate connections while they are idle (default: false)
• spring.datasource.test-on-borrow: Validate connections before borrowing them from the pool (default: false)
• spring.datasource.validation-query: SQL query to perform for connection validation (default: SELECT 1)

Alternative Approach (Not Recommended):

While not recommended, you can also specify autoReconnect=true in the JDBC URL to automatically reconnect when timeout occurs:

spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?autoReconnect=true

However, this approach may lead to issues during active transactions when a reconnection occurs.

By implementing these settings, you can ensure that connections are actively tested and removed when idle, preventing timeout errors and maintaining the stability of your application's connection to the database.

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