How Does Go Achieve Lambda Expression Functionality Without Explicit Lambda Syntax?

Lambda Expressions in Go

Unlike many other programming languages, Go does not have lambda expressions in its syntax. However, it does provide an alternative mechanism that achieves similar functionality.

Functionality Similar to Lambda Expressions

Go's anonymous functions serve as a substitute for lambda expressions. An anonymous function is a function that lacks a specific name and is typically used as an inline expression. Its syntax is:

func(parameters) return_type {
    // function body
}

For example, to define an anonymous function returning a string:

func() string {
  return "Stringy function"
}

Usage in Practice

Anonymous functions can be assigned to variables or passed as arguments to other functions, allowing for flexible code reuse and customization. Consider the following Go code:

type Stringy func() string

func foo() string {
  return "Stringy function"
}

func takesAFunction(foo Stringy) {
  fmt.Printf("takesAFunction: %v\n", foo())
}

func returnsAFunction() Stringy {
  return func() string {
    fmt.Printf("Inner stringy function\n")
    return "bar" // must return a string to be stringy
  }
}

func main() {
  takesAFunction(foo)
  f := returnsAFunction()
  f()
  baz := func() string {
    return "anonymous stringy\n"
  }
  fmt.Printf(baz())
}

In this example, we define an anonymous function that returns a string and assign it to a variable f. We also create an anonymous function that is then assigned to the variable baz. Both f and baz can be invoked like named functions.

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