How Can I Efficiently Check if a Variable Matches One of Several Values?

Flexible Equality Checking Against Multiple Values

In software development, it is often necessary to check if a variable matches any of several specific values. While traditional if-else chains can accomplish this task, they can become cumbersome and verbose for extensive value lists.

An alternative approach is to leverage a dictionary-like data structure where each key represents a distinct value. For example:

if( foo in {1: 1, 3: 1, 12: 1} ):
    # ...

However, this method has the disadvantage of requiring redundant value assignments for each key.

ECMA2016 Solution: The Includes Method

For a more concise and intuitive approach, the includes method introduced in ECMA2016 can be employed:

if([1,3,12].includes(foo)):
    # ...

This method takes an iterable (such as a list) and returns True if the specified value is present within it. Since the includes method is supported by all major browsers, it provides a widely applicable solution for efficient equality checking against multiple values.

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