How Can I Get the Full Path of My Executable in C/C ?

Locating the Executable's Full Path in C

In C and C , determining the full path of the currently executing program can be challenging. This is because argv[0], which contains the program name, often does not provide the complete path.

Unix-based Systems

To reliably retrieve the executable's location on Unix systems with "/proc":

• Use readlink("/proc/self/exe", buf, bufsize) (Linux)
• Use readlink("/proc/curproc/file", buf, bufsize) (FreeBSD)
• Use readlink("/proc/self/path/a.out", buf, bufsize) (Solaris)

On Unix systems without "/proc":

• If argv[0] starts with "/", it is the absolute path.
• If argv[0] contains "/", append it to the current working directory.
• Search for argv[0] as an executable in the directories specified in $PATH.

Windows

On Windows systems, use the following code:

GetModuleFileName(NULL, buf, bufsize);

Additional Considerations

• Check if the executable is a symlink and resolve it accordingly (not necessary if using the "/proc" method on Linux).
• Note that it is the responsibility of the calling process to set argv[0] correctly, especially in untrusted situations (e.g., setuid executables).

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