How Can I Efficiently Convert a Go Struct to a Map?

Function for Converting a Struct to Map in Golang

Converting a struct to a map can be useful in various scenarios, such as marshalling data to JSON or interacting with dynamic systems. This question explores how to achieve this conversion in Go, utilizing both the standard library and third-party packages.

Original Implementation

The question presents an original implementation using the reflect package:

func ConvertToMap(model interface{}) bson.M {
    // ... Implementation
}

However, the original implementation relies heavily on reflection, which can impact performance and doesn't support features like custom field tags.

External Package: structs

The accepted answer introduces the structs package, a convenient third-party solution that provides a robust and efficient conversion from a struct to a map:

import "github.com/fatih/structs"

type Server struct {
    Name    string
    ID      int32
    Enabled bool
}

// Convert to a map
m := structs.Map(&Server{
    Name:    "gopher",
    ID:      123456,
    Enabled: true,
})

The structs package offers several advantages over the original implementation:

• Simplicity and ease of use. The conversion can be performed with a single line of code.
• Support for anonymous (embedded) fields and nested structs. This enables the conversion of complex data structures.
• Field tag filtering. Custom field tags can be used to exclude or include specific fields in the resulting map.

Additional Notes

• The mapstructure package can also be used for struct to map conversion but is now archived.
• For performance-critical scenarios, consider using a custom code generator instead of reflection-based solutions.
• Third-party packages like goderive can also provide similar functionality for converting structs to maps with custom field tag support.

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