How Can I Install Python Packages to Custom Directories Using pip?

Installing Python Packages in Custom Directories via pip

While virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper remain popular options for isolating packages, certain scenarios may necessitate alternative approaches. This article explores how to install Python packages into specific directories, bypassing the default site-packages location.

Resolving the Installation Target

pip's --target switch allows you to specify the target directory for package installation:

pip install --target <dir> package_name

This command installs the package into the designated

. However, note that the installed packages will not be accessible unless you add to your PYTHONPATH.

'--target' Switch Availability

Ensure that you're using an updated version of pip, as the --target switch may not be available in older versions. If the switch is unavailable, upgrade pip using the following commands:

• Linux or OS X:

  pip install -U pip

• Windows (workaround):

  python -m pip install -U pip

Additional Considerations

• The --target switch does not replace existing files in the target directory by default. To overwrite existing packages, use the --upgrade option.
• Adjusting PYTHONPATH remains necessary to access packages installed in a custom directory.

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