How Can Laravel Subqueries Improve Database Query Performance?

How to Utilize Subqueries in Laravel for Improved Performance

In Laravel, subqueries offer a powerful approach to enhance the efficiency of certain queries. When you need to retrieve data based on results obtained from another query, a subquery can be employed to achieve this. This approach proves particularly useful when a join operation is less suitable for performance reasons.

Consider the following example query:

SELECT 
    `p`.`id`,
    `p`.`name`, 
    `p`.`img`, 
    `p`.`safe_name`, 
    `p`.`sku`, 
    `p`.`productstatusid` 
FROM `products` p 
WHERE `p`.`id` IN (
    SELECT 
        `product_id` 
    FROM `product_category`
    WHERE `category_id` IN ('223', '15')
)
AND `p`.`active`=1

This query retrieves product information (p.id, p.name, etc.) from the products table (p), where the p.id column matches values that exist in the product_category table (product_id) for specific category IDs (223 and 15). Additionally, the query ensures that the active column in the products table is set to 1.

Utilizing a subquery to accomplish this, rather than a join operation, grants you enhanced performance. Here's how you can implement it in Laravel:

Products::whereIn('id', function($query){
    $query->select('paper_type_id')
    ->from(with(new ProductCategory)->getTable())
    ->whereIn('category_id', ['223', '15'])
    ->where('active', 1);
})
->get();

This code defines the Laravel Eloquent query, where the Products model is used. The whereIn method is employed to specify that the products' id column should match values present in the results of a subquery. The subquery is created by defining an anonymous function that executes a query to select paper_type_id from the product_category table. The query also filters results based on the category_id values (223 and 15) and ensures active is set to 1. By leveraging a subquery, this approach ensures efficient execution, making it ideal for scenarios where performance is critical.

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