How to Securely Save and Load RSA Keys in Go?

Saving and Loading RSA Public and Private Keys in Go

Question:

How can I securely persist and load RSA public and private keys to and from disk using the crypto/rsa package in Go?

Answer:

To save an RSA private key, consider using the MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey function from the crypto/x509 package:

func MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key *rsa.PrivateKey) []byte

This function converts the private key into a DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules) format, which can be stored as a byte array. To load the private key from DER, use the ParsePKCS1PrivateKey function:

func ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(der []byte) (key *rsa.PrivateKey, err error)

For public keys, the MarshalPKCS1PublicKey and ParsePKCS1PublicKey functions serve a similar purpose.

PEM Encoding for Standard Format:

Instead of storing the DER-encoded binary data directly, it is common to encode the private key into a PEM (Privacy-Enhanced Mail) file. PEM encodes binary data using Base64 and adds headers and footers to the file. To encode the private key, use the pem.EncodeToMemory function:

pemdata := pem.EncodeToMemory(
    &pem.Block{
        Type: "RSA PRIVATE KEY",
        Bytes: x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key),
    },
)

PEM encoding provides a standardized format for exchanging keys and simplifies their handling.

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