JavaFX: `fx:id` vs. `id` – How Do I Choose the Right Attribute for Component Interaction?

JavaFX Element Identification: fx:id vs. id

Understanding the distinction between fx:id and id attributes in JavaFX is crucial for effective component interaction.

CSS Styling (id)

The id attribute is utilized to assign a CSS ID to a component. This enables the application of custom styles through CSS, targeting specific UI elements. For instance, if you add an id value like "welcome-text" to a Text component, you can define styling rules in your stylesheet like "#welcome-text { font-size: 16pt; }" to modify the font size.

Controller Interaction (fx:id)

In contrast, fx:id is used to establish a connection between UI components and the controller class. This allows you to access and manipulate components programmatically. To do this, annotate variables in your controller class with @FXML, followed by the fx:id value assigned to the respective component in the FXML file. For example, by using @FXML Text myWelcomeText, you can reference the Text component with id "welcome-text" and manipulate its content or behavior from within the controller.

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