Why is my PHP connection to MySQL failing with 'Connection refused' and how can I fix it?

Troubleshooting PHP Connection Failed: Connection Refused Error

When encountering the "Connection failed: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused" error when attempting to connect to a MySQL database through PHP, several factors need to be considered.

Incorrect Port:

As discovered in the given solution, the initial error was caused by an incorrect port number. MAMP uses port 8889 to host MySQL, while the connection was attempting to use port 8888. Correcting the port number to 8889 resolved the issue.

Server Name Configuration:

The issue of "Connection failed: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] No such file or directory" when using 'localhost' as the server name suggests that the MySQL server is not accessible at that IP address. Using the IP address as the server name bypassed this issue, indicating a potential issue with the MySQL server's configuration.

Additional Troubleshooting Steps:

• Verify that the MySQL server is running and listening on the correct port (8889).
• Check firewall settings to ensure that the port (8889) is not blocked.
• Ensure that the credentials used for the connection are correct (username, password, database name).
• Check that the PHP PDO library is installed and correctly configured.
• Try using a different PHP function to establish the connection (e.g., mysqli_connect()).
• Consider using a database management tool like phpMyAdmin to connect to the MySQL database directly and verify its accessibility.

By following these troubleshooting steps and addressing any underlying issues, the PHP connection to the MySQL database should be successful and the "Connection refused" error should be resolved.

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