How Can I Format Output Using the C Output Operator (`

Formatting Output Using the Output Operator (

You seek a method to format output using the output operator (

Solution

The following code effectively formats output using the output operator:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

int main() {
  int zipCode = 12345;
  cout <p>This code utilizes IO manipulators to control padding:</p>
<ul>
<li>setw(width) sets the field width to five.</li>
<li>setfill(fillchar) sets the fill character to '0'.</li>
</ul>
<p>This results in the ZIP code being formatted with leading zeros: 012345.</p>
<h2 id="Alternative-Approaches">Alternative Approaches</h2>
<p>If you prefer a more concise approach, you can use the fmt library:</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">cout <p>In C  20 and later, the std::format functionality is available:</p><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">cout <h2 id="Considerations">Considerations</h2><p>Note that these IO manipulators affect the global state of cout. Subsequent usages of cout will be impacted unless the manipulations are explicitly undone.</p><p>For negative numbers, use std::internal to place the fill character between the sign and the magnitude:</p><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">cout <p>You can safely assume that all ZIP codes are non-negative, but this is an assumption nonetheless.</p>

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