Next.js has become the most popular React framework for building modern web applications. With its focus on server-side rendering (SSR), static generation, and an excellent development experience, Next.js offers everything you need to build high-performance, scalable web applications.
Why Next.js?
Main Features
-
Hybrid Rendering
- Server-Side Rendering (SSR)
- Static Site Generation (SSG)
- Client-Side Rendering (CSR)
- Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)
-
Automatic Optimizations
- Image Optimization
- Font optimization
- Script optimization
- Zero config
-
Developer Experience
- Fast Refresh
- TypeScript Support
- File-system routing
- API Routes
First Steps
Creating a Project
npx create-next-app@latest mi-proyecto cd mi-proyecto npm run dev
Project Structure
├── app/ │ ├── layout.tsx │ ├── page.tsx │ └── globals.css ├── public/ │ └── images/ ├── components/ │ └── ui/ ├── lib/ ├── next.config.js └── package.json
Routing in Next.js 14
Basic Pages
// app/page.tsx export default function Home() { return ( <main> <h1 id="Bienvenidos-a-Next-js">Bienvenidos a Next.js</h1> </main> ); }
Dynamic Routes
// app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx export default function BlogPost({ params }: { params: { slug: string } }) { return ( <article> <h1 id="Post-params-slug">Post: {params.slug}</h1> </article> ); }
Shared Layout
// app/layout.tsx import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'; const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] }); export default function RootLayout({ children, }: { children: React.ReactNode; }) { return ( <nav> {/* Navegación común */} </nav> {children} ); }
Data Fetching
Server Components
// app/posts/page.tsx async function getPosts() { const res = await fetch('https://api.ejemplo.com/posts', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } // Revalidar cada hora }); return res.json(); } export default async function Posts() { const posts = await getPosts(); return ( <div> {posts.map(post => ( <article key="{post.id}"> <h2 id="post-title">{post.title}</h2> <p>{post.excerpt}</p> </article> ))} </div> ); }
Static Generation
// app/posts/[id]/page.tsx export async function generateStaticParams() { const posts = await getPosts(); return posts.map((post) => ({ id: post.id.toString(), })); } export default async function Post({ params }: { params: { id: string } }) { const post = await getPost(params.id); return ( <article> <h1 id="post-title">{post.title}</h1> <div>{post.content}</div> </article> ); }
API Routes
// app/api/posts/route.ts import { NextResponse } from 'next/server'; export async function GET() { try { const posts = await getPosts(); return NextResponse.json(posts); } catch (error) { return NextResponse.json( { error: 'Error al obtener posts' }, { status: 500 } ); } } export async function POST(request: Request) { try { const data = await request.json(); const newPost = await createPost(data); return NextResponse.json(newPost, { status: 201 }); } catch (error) { return NextResponse.json( { error: 'Error al crear post' }, { status: 500 } ); } }
Optimizations
Images
import Image from 'next/image'; export default function Profile() { return ( <image src="/perfil.jpg" alt="Foto de perfil" width="{500}" height="{300}" priority></image> ); }
Fonts
import { Roboto } from 'next/font/google'; const roboto = Roboto({ weight: ['400', '700'], subsets: ['latin'], display: 'swap', }); export default function Layout({ children }) { return ( <div classname="{roboto.className}"> {children} </div> ); }
State Management
Client Components
'use client'; import { useState } from 'react'; export default function Counter() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); return ( <div> <p>Contador: {count}</p> <button onclick="{()"> setCount(count + 1)}> Incrementar </button> </div> ); }
Stylization
CSS Modules
// components/Button.tsx import styles from './Button.module.css'; export default function Button({ children }) { return ( <button classname="{styles.button}"> {children} </button> ); }
Tailwind CSS
export default function Card({ title, content }) { return ( <div classname="p-6 max-w-sm mx-auto bg-white rounded-xl shadow-lg flex items-center space-x-4"> <div> <div classname="text-xl font-medium text-black">{title}</div> <p classname="text-gray-500">{content}</p> </div> </div> ); }
Middleware
// middleware.ts import { NextResponse } from 'next/server'; import type { NextRequest } from 'next/server'; export function middleware(request: NextRequest) { // Verificar autenticación const token = request.cookies.get('token'); if (!token) { return NextResponse.redirect(new URL('/login', request.url)); } return NextResponse.next(); } export const config = { matcher: '/dashboard/:path*', };
Testing
// __tests__/Home.test.tsx import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react'; import Home from '@/app/page'; describe('Home', () => { it('renders a heading', () => { render(<home></home>); const heading = screen.getByRole('heading', { level: 1 }); expect(heading).toBeInTheDocument(); }); });
Deployment
Production Configuration
// next.config.js /** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */ const nextConfig = { images: { domains: ['tu-dominio.com'], }, async redirects() { return [ { source: '/old-page', destination: '/new-page', permanent: true, }, ]; }, }; module.exports = nextConfig;
Best Practices
- Code Organization
app/ ├── (auth)/ │ ├── login/ │ └── register/ ├── (dashboard)/ │ ├── profile/ │ └── settings/ └── (marketing)/ ├── about/ └── contact/
- Handling Error
// app/error.tsx 'use client'; export default function Error({ error, reset, }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void; }) { return ( <div> <h2 id="Algo-salió-mal">¡Algo salió mal!</h2> <button onclick="{()"> reset()}>Intentar de nuevo</button> </div> ); }
- Loading States
// app/loading.tsx export default function Loading() { return ( <div classname="flex items-center justify-center"> <div classname="animate-spin rounded-full h-32 w-32 border-b-2 border-gray-900"></div> </div> ); }
Conclusion
Next.js 14 offers:
- Exceptional performance
- Excellent DX (Developer Experience)
- Scalability
- Rendering flexibility
- Seamless integration with React
It is the ideal choice for:
- Business web applications
- E-commerce sites
- SaaS Applications
- Dynamic content sites
Additional Resources
- Official Documentation
- Next.js Examples
- Learn Next.js
- Vercel Blog
Are you using Next.js in your projects? What features do you find most useful? Share your experience in the comments! ?
nextjs #react #webdev #javascript
The above is the detailed content of Next.js: The Definitive Guide to the Most Popular React Framework. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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