Creating and Using Dynamic Shared C Class Libraries on Linux
Creating a Shared Class Library
To create a shared C class library, you can follow these steps:
- Define the header file, .h, declaring the class and its member functions. Remember to use virtual member functions to enable dynamic linking.
- Implement the class in a separate source file, .cc, including the header file.
- Define external C functions for object creation (create_object) and destruction (destroy_object).
- Use #include to incorporate the header file and using namespace std; to use the standard namespace.
- Compile the library using g -fPIC -shared on Linux or g -dynamiclib -flat_namespace on Mac OS X, generating a shared object file (.so).
Using Shared Class Libraries
To use shared class libraries in a separate executable:
- Include the necessary header files.
- Load the shared library using dlopen.
- Use dlsym to get function pointers for create_object and destroy_object.
- Create an instance of the class using create_object.
- Call member functions on the instance.
- Destroy the instance using destroy_object.
- Close the shared library using dlclose.
Additional Tips for Plugin Systems
For a plugin system, derive your classes from a base class and make all required functions virtual. Plugin authors can override the virtuals and implement the create_object and destroy_object functions. This way, your main application remains unchanged.
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