How to Properly Handle Literal and Actual Newline Characters in Go\'s `exec.Command` Output?

Handling Newline Characters in Go Lang

In Go lang, the common practice for reading command outputs is using exec.Command. However, differentiating between literal newline characters ("n") and actual line breaks can be tricky when working with byte slices.

To clarify, a "literal" newline is "n" contained within a string, while a "real" line break is a newline sequence occurring naturally in the string. For instance:

Print first result: "123;\n234;\n"
Print second result: "456;\n"

Here, the first result contains three lines, while the second result contains only one line.

When using methods like strings.Split or bufio.NewScanner, they may not differentiate between these types of newlines. To address this, you can utilize the following approach:

replacedStr := strings.Replace(output, `\n`, "\n", -1)
processedLines := strings.Split(replacedStr, "\n")

In this approach, strings.Replace identifies the literal newline characters ("n") and replaces them with real newline characters ("n"). The resulting string replacedStr now contains actual line breaks. Subsequenlty, strings.Split can now correctly split the string into lines.

This method ensures proper handling of both literal newlines and real line breaks, allowing for accurate line-by-line processing of your desired data.

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