How Can I Retrieve the Base URL in PHP for Local Development?

Getting the Base URL with PHP

When working on local development environments, retrieving the base URL can be a common task. In XAMPP on Windows Vista, the base URL typically takes the form of http://127.0.0.1/test_website/. This article demonstrates how to retrieve this base URL using PHP.

Using the $_SERVER Variable

One effective method is to utilize the $_SERVER predefined variable, which provides information about the current request. To get the base URL, you can use the following code:

echo "http://" . $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];

Supporting HTTPS

If you plan to support HTTPS, you can use the following function:

function url() {
  return sprintf(
    "%s://%s%s",
    isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] != 'off' ? 'https' : 'http',
    $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'],
    $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']
  );
}

echo url();

Apache Configuration

To ensure that you can safely use the SERVER_NAME key, it's recommended to configure Apache properly. Add the following lines to your Apache Virtual Host configuration:

<VirtualHost *>
    ServerName example.com
    UseCanonicalName on
</VirtualHost>

Caution when Using HTTP_HOST

If you rely on the HTTP_HOST key, which contains user input, you must carefully sanitize it. Remove any invalid characters that are not allowed in domain names. Refer to PHP's parse_url function for guidance.

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