How Can I Restore the Original State of std::cout After Modifying its Formatting Flags?

Restoring the State of std::cout after Modification

In C , manipulating input/output streams can temporarily alter their state. For example, the code snippet below modifies the base of std::cout to hexadecimal:

void printHex(std::ostream& x){
    x <p>After returning from printHex, subsequent output to std::cout will continue to use the hexadecimal base, potentially leading to unexpected results. To address this, we need a way to restore the original state of std::cout.</p><p><strong>Solution</strong></p><p>The solution involves using the std::ios_base::fmtflags class to capture and restore the stream's formatting flags. Here's how to do it:</p><ol>
<li>Include <iostream> or <ios>.</ios></iostream>
</li>
<li>
<p>At the beginning of the function that modifies std::cout:</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">std::ios_base::fmtflags f( cout.flags() );

This stores the current formatting flags in the f variable.

Perform the necessary modifications to std::cout.

At the end of the function, after returning the stream to its original state:

cout.flags( f );

This restores the formatting flags that were captured at the beginning of the function.

Example

In the code snippet below, the restoreCoutState function captures and restores the state of std::cout:

void restoreCoutState(std::ostream& os){
    std::ios_base::fmtflags f( os.flags() );
    os 

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