How Can I Resize Images Within CSS :before/:after Pseudo-Elements?

Modifying Image Height in CSS :before/:after Pseudo-Elements

In CSS, pseudo-elements (:before and :after) allow you to enhance the display of elements without directly modifying their content. However, adjusting the image height within these pseudo-elements can pose a challenge.

Suppose you wish to decorate links to specific file types using images. You could define your links with a class and include CSS rules as shown below:

<a href="foo.pdf">

While this approach works effectively, it fails to consider the possibility of the image being an unsuitable size for the link text.

Initially, you may attempt to resize the :after image using CSS, but unfortunately, this is not directly possible. Unlike background images, which can be scaled using the background-size property, pseudo-elements do not offer a similar resizing mechanism.

However, there is a workaround that allows limited resizing within pseudo-elements:

.pdflink:after {
    background-image: url("/images/pdf.png");
    background-size: 10px 20px;
    display: inline-block;
    width: 10px;
    height: 20px;
    content: "";
}

By setting the background-size and specifying the width and height of the block, you can effectively resize the image within the :after pseudo-element. It's important to note that this approach requires the :after pseudo-element to have some content defined even though it is empty ("").

For more detailed information, refer to the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) Compatibility Table.

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