localhost vs. 127.0.0.1 in MySQL: What\'s the Performance Difference?

localhost vs. 127.0.0.1 in mysql_connect()

In the context of PHP's mysql_connect() function, which is used to establish a connection to a MySQL database, both 'localhost' and '127.0.0.1' refer to the local host machine. However, their performance and connection type may differ depending on the operating system being used.

Connection Speed

• Windows: Windows systems default to using TCP/IP sockets for database connections. Therefore, using either 'localhost' or '127.0.0.1' should not significantly impact the connection speed.
• Linux: Linux systems attempt to use a Unix domain socket when 'localhost' is specified, which can be slightly faster than using TCP/IP. Unix domain sockets are a type of inter-process communication that is specific to Linux and other Unix-like systems, and they have lower overhead than TCP/IP sockets. When using '127.0.0.1' on Linux, a TCP/IP connection is established.

Connection Type

Regardless of whether 'localhost' or '127.0.0.1' is used in mysql_connect(), the connection type between the PHP script and MySQL is determined by the operating system:

• Windows: The connection is always made over TCP/IP.
• Linux: The connection is made over a Unix domain socket when 'localhost' is used and over TCP/IP when '127.0.0.1' is used.

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