Boolean-Integer Conversion in C
In the C programming language, it is often necessary to convert between different types of data. One common conversion is between boolean values and integers. The question arises: can we assume that the boolean value true is equivalent to the integer 1 for any C compiler?
The Answer
Yes, it is safe to assume that (bool)true == (int)1 for any C compiler. This is because of the following reasons:
- Integral Promotion: When a boolean value is converted to an integer, it undergoes a process called integral promotion. This converts the boolean to an int with a value of either 0 (for false) or 1 (for true).
- Implicit Conversion: Casts are not required for this conversion. The C compiler will automatically perform the implicit conversion based on the context of the expression.
Therefore, the expression true == 1 will evaluate to true, regardless of the C compiler being used. This behavior is specified in the C standard (4.7 [conv.integral]) which states that "If the source type is bool... true is converted to one."
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