How to Connect to a Dockerized MySQL Instance from the Host Machine?

Connecting to MySQL in a Docker Container from the Host

Problem Description:

When trying to connect to a MySQL database running in a Docker container from the host machine, an error message is encountered: "Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'".

Dockerfile:

The following Dockerfile is used to create the MySQL container:

FROM ubuntu:14.04.3
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server
RUN grep -v bind-address /etc/mysql/my.cnf > temp.txt && mv temp.txt /etc/mysql/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
CMD /etc/init.d/mysql start && tail -F /var/log/mysql.log

Failed Attempts:

Despite successfully starting the MySQL instance within the container, connecting to it from the host with mysql -P 12345 -uroot results in the socket error.

Solution:

To connect to the MySQL database running in the Docker container from the host machine, the following steps are necessary:

1. Specify the host address as 'localhost'.
2. Specify the port that the Docker MySQL instance is listening on (3306 by default).
3. Set the protocol to 'tcp' as the Docker MySQL instance is not accessible via a Unix socket.

Command for Host Connection:

mysql -h localhost -P 3306 --protocol=tcp -u root

Changing the Port:

If a different port is used to expose the MySQL instance in the Docker container (e.g., 12345), it should be specified in the connection command as well:

mysql -h localhost -P 12345 --protocol=tcp -u root

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