How Do I Convert Between Strings and UTF-8 Byte Arrays in Java?

Converting Between Strings and UTF-8 Byte Arrays in Java

In Java, encoding and decoding operations between strings and byte arrays can arise in various scenarios. This article provides a concise guide to these conversions, specifically focusing on UTF-8 encoding.

Encoding a String into a UTF-8 Byte Array

To encode a string into a UTF-8 byte array, use the getBytes method of the String class. This method takes an encoding name as its argument, such as StandardCharsets.UTF_8.

String s = "some text here";
byte[] b = s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

Decoding a UTF-8 Byte Array into a String

To decode a UTF-8 byte array into a string, use the new String constructor and specify the appropriate encoding name.

byte[] b = {(byte) 99, (byte) 97, (byte) 116};
String s = new String(b, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);

It's crucial to use the correct encoding names in both cases to ensure proper character representation. Common encoding options include US-ASCII and UTF-8, which support a wider range of characters.

Note that choosing the appropriate encoding depends on the context and the nature of the data being processed.

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