How to Efficiently Convert Binary to ASCII and Vice Versa in Python?

Convert Binary to ASCII and Vice Versa

Converting between binary and ASCII is essential for encoding and decoding digital data. Here are methods to perform this conversion effectively in Python, addressing the challenges you mentioned:

Converting String to Binary

To convert a string to binary, you can use:

import binascii
bin(int(binascii.hexlify('hello'), 16))

This converts the string to a hex representation and then to binary, producing the same output you obtained.

Converting Binary to String

For conversion from binary to string, utilize:

n = int('0b110100001100101011011000110110001101111', 2)
binascii.unhexlify('%x' % n)

This transforms the binary string to a hex value and then decodes it to the original string.

Python 3.2 Compatibility

In Python 3.2 and above, you can employ the following methods:

bin(int.from_bytes('hello'.encode(), 'big'))
n = int('0b110100001100101011011000110110001101111', 2)
n.to_bytes((n.bit_length() + 7) // 8, 'big').decode()

These methods utilize the int.from_bytes() and int.to_bytes() functions, providing an efficient way to handle binary data.

Supporting Unicode Characters (Python 3)

To handle Unicode characters in Python 3, use:

def text_to_bits(text, encoding='utf-8', errors='surrogatepass'):
    bits = bin(int.from_bytes(text.encode(encoding, errors), 'big'))[2:]
    return bits.zfill(8 * ((len(bits) + 7) // 8))

def text_from_bits(bits, encoding='utf-8', errors='surrogatepass'):
    n = int(bits, 2)
    return n.to_bytes((n.bit_length() + 7) // 8, 'big').decode(encoding, errors) or '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">import binascii

def text_to_bits(text, encoding='utf-8', errors='surrogatepass'):
    bits = bin(int(binascii.hexlify(text.encode(encoding, errors)), 16))[2:]
    return bits.zfill(8 * ((len(bits) + 7) // 8))

def text_from_bits(bits, encoding='utf-8', errors='surrogatepass'):
    n = int(bits, 2)
    return int2bytes(n).decode(encoding, errors)

def int2bytes(i):
    hex_string = '%x' % i
    n = len(hex_string)
    return binascii.unhexlify(hex_string.zfill(n + (n & 1)))

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These functions encode and decode text with a specified encoding and error handling, ensuring the correct handling of Unicode characters.

Single-Source Python 2/3 Compatible Version

This code is compatible with both Python 2 and 3:

This code handles both Python versions while providing a consistent set of functions for binary and ASCII conversions.

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