Why Doesn\'t `cout` Print Unsigned Char Values Correctly?

Why is cout Not Printing Unsigned Char Correctly?

In the code snippet:

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>

using namespace std;

main() {
    unsigned char a;
    a=1;
    printf("%d", a);
    cout<<a;
}

cout is printing a value that appears to be garbage. However, this is not actually garbage. It is a non-printable ASCII character that is being printed. Note that the ASCII character corresponding to 1 is non-printable.

You can verify this using std::isprint:

std::cout << std::isprint(a) << std::endl;

This will print 0 (false), indicating that the character is non-printable.

To force cout to print 1, cast a to an unsigned integer:

cout << static_cast<unsigned>(a) << std::endl;

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