Why is My MySQL Gem Installation Failing, and How Can I Fix the Missing Header Files Error?

Failed Installation of Native Gem Extensions: Missing Header Files

In an attempt to install the MySQL gem, users encountering the error message "Failed to build gem native extension" may be puzzled. This issue arises from the inability to locate header files necessary for compilation.

The underlying cause lies in the absence of ruby development headers. These headers, typically packaged as [ruby-devel], are essential for building native extensions.

Solution:

To resolve this issue, follow these steps:

1. Install Ruby Development Headers:

   • Fedora: yum -y install ruby-devel
   • Debian (and similar distributions): sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
   • Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install ruby-all-dev

2. Install gem with flags:

   gem install -y mysql -- --with-mysql-config=/usr/bin/mysql_config

3. Confirm the Fix:

   Reattempt the installation: gem install mysql.

For users working with older versions of Ruby (e.g., 2.2), specific headers need to be installed:

• sudo apt-get install ruby2.2-dev (where 2.2 represents the desired Ruby version)

By following these steps, users can successfully install MySQL gem extensions, alleviating the issue of missing header files during compilation.

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