How Can I Handle Unicode Filenames with std::fstream Portably?

Unicode File Handling with std::fstream

When working with Windows applications, handling Unicode filenames in std::fstream (ofstream or ifstream) can pose a challenge. The C standard library lacks native Unicode support, with char and wchar_t not necessarily representing Unicode encodings.

On Windows systems, wchar_t corresponds to UTF-16, but there is no direct UTF-8 filename support in the standard library. The Microsoft STL provides a constructor for filestreams that accepts a const wchar_t* filename, allowing for stream creation as follows:

wchar_t const name[] = L"filename.txt";
std::fstream file(name);

However, this overload is not standardized by C 11 and is absent from other STL implementations, such as GCC's libstdc for MinGW(-w64). Additionally, while wchar_t represents UTF-16 on Windows, it may not use the same encoding on different operating systems.

Cross-Platform Solutions

Due to the lack of standardized Unicode support, portable solutions for handling Unicode filenames with std::fstream are not readily available. Alternative approaches may require platform-specific workarounds or external libraries.

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