Parsing Command Line Arguments in C
In the world of programming, parsing command line arguments often poses challenges, especially when dealing with complex input patterns. Consider a program that accepts arguments in the following format:
prog [-abc] [input [output]]
The Question:
How can we efficiently parse such command line arguments in C using built-in functions or custom code?
Boost and GNU:
The suggestions provided to utilize boost::program_options and GNU getopt are reliable options. These libraries offer robust functionality for handling a wide range of command line argument scenarios.
Standard Library Approach:
However, for simpler situations, the std::find function offers a straightforward way to parse arguments. This approach allows you to search for specific flags or retrieve the filename following a -f argument.
#include <algorithm> char* getCmdOption(char ** begin, char ** end, const std::string & option) { char ** itr = std::find(begin, end, option); if (itr != end && ++itr != end) { return *itr; } return 0; }</algorithm>
Encapsulated Code:
To enhance code readability and maintainability, you can encapsulate the parsing logic in a dedicated class.
class InputParser{ public: InputParser (int &argc, char **argv){ for (int i=1; i tokens.push_back(std::string(argv[i])); } const std::string& getCmdOption(const std::string &option) const{ std::vector<:string>::const_iterator itr; itr = std::find(this->tokens.begin(), this->tokens.end(), option); if (itr != this->tokens.end() && ++itr != this->tokens.end()){ return *itr; } static const std::string empty_string(""); return empty_string; } bool cmdOptionExists(const std::string &option) const{ return std::find(this->tokens.begin(), this->tokens.end(), option) != this->tokens.end(); } private: std::vector <:string> tokens; };</:string></:string>
Conclusion:
These methods provide efficient ways to parse command line arguments in C , catering to both simple and more complex scenarios. Choose the approach that best suits your specific requirements for code simplicity, flexibility, and performance.
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