How to Use Installable Commands with Go Modules During the Build Process?

Go Modules and Installable Commands

Go modules provide dependable dependency management for Go applications. However, you may encounter situations during development where you need to use installable commands during the build process, such as with go generate.

Installing a Specific Build Dependency

To install a specific build dependency, you can use the go install command followed by the module path. For example, to install the embed tool, you would use the following command:

go install github.com/aprice/embed/cmd/embed

Using the Installed Tool

Once the tool is installed, you can use it from within a specific directory using the os/exec package. Here is an example:

package main

import (
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("embed", "-data", "image.png", "image.go")
    cmd.Dir = "/path/to/directory"
    cmd.Run()
}

Addressing Potential Issues

If you encounter errors when installing or using the tool, you may need to take the following steps:

Add a "Tools" Package

Create a directory named tools and add a file with the following code:

// +build tools

package tools

import (
    _ "github.com/aprice/embed/cmd/embed"
)

Update go.mod

Run go mod tidy to update the go.mod file with the installed dependency.

Vendor Dependencies

To take advantage of the modules cache, copy the source code into your project with:

go mod vendor

Use -mod=vendor When Building

When building or using the tool, use the -mod=vendor flag to ensure the dependencies are used from the local vendor directory. For example:

go build -mod=vendor ./...

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