Cross-Compiling from Windows to Linux with Crosstool-ng
Introduction:
Cross-compiling allows you to build software for a different operating system or architecture than the one you're currently using. This can be useful for developing Linux applications on a Windows machine.
Solution:
Crosstool-ng is a toolset that simplifies the process of building cross-compilers.
Steps:
- Install Cygwin: Ensure you have Cygwin installed with development packages.
- Download Crosstool-ng: Visit the Crosstool-ng website and download the latest version.
- Extract the Tarball: Extract the crosstool-ng tarball using the appropriate command.
- Configure Crosstool-ng: Run the ./configure script and address any missing tool issues by installing them in Cygwin (e.g., flex, libtool).
- Build and Install Crosstool-ng: Run "make" and "make install" to build and install Crosstool-ng.
- Create a Build Directory: Establish a directory for building the cross-compiler, such as "/usr/src/cross-linux-gnu-root".
- Enable Case Sensitivity: Enable system-wide case sensitivity in the Windows registry.
- Mount the Directory Case-sensitively: Mount the build directory as case-sensitive using a command like "mount c:/cygwin/usr/src/cross-linux-gnu-root /usr/src/cross-linux-gnu -o binary,posix=1".
- Configure the Cross-Compiler: Enter the build directory and run "ct-ng menuconfig" to configure the cross-compiler. Specify the target architecture, subarchitecture, kernel, and C library settings.
- Enable Workarounds: Enable the EXPERIMENTAL option and enable Build some companion tools with make 3.81 to resolve potential issues.
- Apply Patches: Apply three file patches to resolve various errors (check the answer text for patch details).
- Build the Cross-Compiler: Run "ct-ng build" to generate the cross-compiler.
- Use the Cross-Compiler: The cross-compiler will be in the build directory, which you can use directly or via a Makefile.
Note: Building the cross-compiler can be time-consuming. You can access a prebuilt version of gcc 4.8.1 provided by osm0sis.
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