How to Set Up a Cross Compiler for Raspberry Pi Using Pre-Built Toolchain?

How to Set Up the Pre-Built Raspberry Pi Cross Compiler

Background

Setting up a cross compiler for Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu can seem convoluted due to the differences between compiler versions and operating system compatibility. This article aims to provide a comprehensive tutorial for installing the pre-built toolchain from GitHub.

Prerequisites

Ensure you have the following installed:

apt-get install git rsync cmake libc6-i386 lib32z1 lib32stdc++6

Installation

1. Create a Raspberry Pi Directory: Create a folder called 'raspberrypi' in your home directory.
2. Download the Tools: Navigate to the 'raspberrypi' folder and clone the 'tools' repository from GitHub:

git clone git://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.git

3. Select the Appropriate Toolchain: Choose the 'gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian' toolchain.
4. Add to PATH: Append the following to the end of your '~/.bashrc' file:

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin

5. Load PATH Changes: Either log out and back in or run . ~/.bashrc to update your current terminal session.
6. Verify Compiler: Check that the compiler is accessible by running arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v.

Addressing Common Issues

• Shared Library Error: To fix errors related to the 'libstdc ' library, copy the entire '/lib' and '/usr' directories from your Raspberry Pi to a folder called 'rootfs' in your 'raspberrypi' directory using rsync:

rsync -rl --delete-after --safe-links [email protected]:/{lib,usr} $HOME/raspberrypi/rootfs

• cmake Configuration File: Create a file named 'pi.cmake' in '~home/raspberrypi' and add the following content:

SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/rootfs)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)

• Compile using cmake: To compile cmake programs, use the -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$HOME/raspberrypi/pi.cmake flag.

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