How Can the Strategy Pattern Solve File Encryption Challenges Based on File Size?

Real-World Application of the Strategy Pattern

The Strategy Pattern adheres to the Open-Closed Principle, allowing for a system to be easily extended without modifying existing code. One common real-world application of the Strategy Pattern involves file encryption.

Consider a scenario where different encryption strategies are necessary depending on the file size. For small files, an in-memory strategy loads the entire file and encrypts it in-memory. However, for larger files, a swap-to-disk strategy is more efficient, encrypting portions of the file and storing intermediate results in temporary files.

The client code remains the same regardless of the strategy used:

File file = getFile();
Cipher c = CipherFactory.getCipher(file.size());
c.performAction();

// Implementations
interface Cipher {
  void performAction();
}

class InMemoryCipherStrategy implements Cipher {
  @Override
  public void performAction() {
    // Load in byte[] ....
  }
}

class SwapToDiskCipher implements Cipher {
  @Override
  public void performAction() {
    // Swap partial results to file
  }
}

The CipherFactory.getCipher() method determines the appropriate strategy based on the file size. This approach ensures that the encryption process is handled seamlessly, regardless of the file's size.

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