How Can I Detect the Microsoft Visual Studio Version During Compilation?

Detecting Microsoft Visual Studio Version During Compilation

When compiling code, it may be necessary to determine the specific version of Microsoft Visual Studio (MSVC) being used. This information can prove valuable for customizing build processes or ensuring compatibility with specific MSVC versions.

Utilizing _MSC_VER and _MSC_FULL_VER

To obtain the MSVC version, two preprocessor macros can be leveraged:

• _MSC_VER: Provides the compiler's major version, including updates. For instance, _MSC_VER equals 1933 for Visual Studio 2022 version 17.3.4.
• _MSC_FULL_VER: Offers a more detailed version number, encompassing both major and minor releases. For example, _MSC_FULL_VER may be 150030729 for Visual Studio 2008, SP1.

Example Usage

Visualc.hpp, included in recent Boost installations, provides examples of how these macros can be employed:

#if _MSC_VER > 1600
    // Code targeting MSVC++ 2010 or higher
#elif _MSC_VER > 1500
    // Code targeting MSVC++ 2008 or higher
#endif

Visual Studio Version Values

The following table lists the relevant values for _MSC_VER for various MSVC versions:

MSVC Version	_MSC_VER
14.30	1933
14.30	1932
14.30	1930
14.30	1930
14.28	1929
14.28	1928
14.28	1928
14.28	1928
14.27	1927
14.26	1926
...	...

Additional Considerations

• Ranges should be examined instead of exact compiler values, as Visual Studio will begin updating its ranges monotonically.
• Using cl.exe /? can provide a hint about the MSVC version being used.

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