How Can I Detect the Visual Studio Version During Compilation?

Detecting Visual Studio Version During Compilation

Determining the version of Visual Studio under which code is being compiled is crucial for ensuring compatibility and adhering to specific standards. Fortunately, there are predefined macros that provide this information.

Predefined Macros

The _MSC_VER macro holds the version number of the compiler. For example, a _MSC_VER of 1929 indicates Visual Studio 2019 version 16.11.2. Alternatively, _MSC_FULL_VER provides the full version number in a numerical format.

Example Code

To utilize these macros, you can incorporate the following code into your project:

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::cout << "_MSC_VER = " << _MSC_VER << std::endl;
    #ifdef _MSC_FULL_VER
        std::cout << "_MSC_FULL_VER = " << _MSC_FULL_VER << std::endl;
    #endif
    return 0;
}

Actual and Nominal Versions

It's important to note that the provided version number refers to the major version of Visual Studio, not the year in the software name. For instance, Visual Studio 2022 version 17.3.4 corresponds to _MSC_VER 1933.

Additional Information

• The cl.exe /? command from the Visual Studio command prompt can also display the compiler version.
• Starting with recent versions of Visual Studio, the compiler version ranges are updated monotonically, so it's advisable to check ranges instead of exact values.
• A comprehensive list of _MSC_VER values is available online.

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