How Can I Organize My Go Projects with Subfolders Using Go Modules?

Organizing Go Projects with Subfolders Using Go Modules

In your project setup, you encounter an error when importing the user.go file into the main.go file. This occurs because the User type is not defined in the main package.

To resolve this issue and effectively organize your project into subfolders, we recommend leveraging Go modules. This feature was introduced in Go v1.11.1 and allows for project organization similar to namespaces and subdirectories.

Using Go Modules to Create Subfolder Structure

1. Enable Go modules: Set the environment variable GO111MODULE=on to activate Go modules.
2. Create a go.mod file: This file resides at the root of your project directory. It declares the project's module name and contains a blank import statement.
3. Organize files into subfolders: Within the src directory, organize your files into subfolders. For instance, your user.go file would reside in the src/models folder.
4. Import packages using module paths: In your main.go file, import packages using the module path format, which resembles namespaces. For the user.go file, you would import it as my-module/src/models/user.

Example

Consider the following project structure:

├── main.go
└── src
    └── models
        └── user.go
└── go.mod

main.go

package main

import "my-module/src/models/user"

func main() {
    fmt.Println(user.User{"new_user"})
}

user.go

package user

type User struct {
    Login string
}

go.mod

module my-module

By leveraging Go modules, you can organize your project into subfolders, reflecting a namespace-like structure. Packages can be imported using module paths, providing a clean and efficient organization for your codebase.

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