How to Cross-Compile for Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu?

Cross-Compiling for Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu

To enable cross-compiling for Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu, you'll need to install the following prerequisite packages:

apt-get install git rsync cmake libc6-i386 lib32z1 lib32stdc++6

Obtain the Toolchain

In your home directory, create a folder named raspberrypi and use Git to download the toolchain:

git clone git://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.git

Select the Compiler

Choose the gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian toolchain within the raspberrypi/tools folder.

Add the Compiler to Your PATH

Edit the .bashrc file and add the following line:

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin

Load the PATH Changes

Restart your terminal session or run . ~/.bashrc to apply the PATH modifications.

Verify the Compiler

Execute arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v to verify the compiler's installation. It should display information about the selected toolchain.

Creating the Rootfs and CMake Configuration

To address the issue with missing shared libraries, follow these additional steps:

1. Create a rootfs folder within your raspberrypi directory.

2. Use rsync to copy the /lib and /usr directories from your Raspberry Pi to the rootfs directory on your Ubuntu machine:

   rsync -rl --delete-after --safe-links [email protected]:/{lib,usr} $HOME/raspberrypi/rootfs

3. Create a CMake configuration file named pi.cmake in the raspberrypi folder:

SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH $ENV{HOME}/raspberrypi/rootfs)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
SET(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)

Cross-Compiling with CMake

To cross-compile your programs using CMake, specify the CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE variable when invoking CMake:

cmake -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$HOME/raspberrypi/pi.cmake ...

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