How Can Java Executors Handle Asynchronous Task Completion Notifications?

Java Executors: Asynchronous Task Completion Notifications

Blocking operations can hinder the performance of Java applications, especially when managing numerous concurrent tasks. To avoid blocking, a non-blocking approach is required to notify the main thread when a task completes.

Consider a scenario where multiple task queues need to be processed, one at a time. A straightforward solution would involve blocking until each task finishes, consuming system resources.

To overcome this issue, a callback mechanism can be implemented. Define an interface to handle task completion notifications and pass this interface as an argument to the task to be submitted. The task will then invoke the callback method upon completion.

Alternatively, Java 8 provides a more comprehensive solution with CompletableFuture. This class enables the creation of asynchronous pipelines, where multiple processes can be composed and conditioned after completion.

Here's an example using CompletableFuture:

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

public class TaskCompletionNotification {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CompletableFuture<String> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
            // Perform task
            return "Task result";
        });

        future.thenAccept(result -> System.out.println("Task completed with result: " + result));

        // Main thread continues to run without blocking
    }
}

This approach eliminates blocking and allows the main thread to continue execution while the task completes in the background. When the task finishes, the provided consumer is invoked with the result of the operation.

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