How to Resolve "ImportError: No Module Named" in a PyInstaller Onefile Build?

PyInstaller: Resolving ImportError "No Module Named" in a Onefile Build

When building Python scripts using PyInstaller, it's common to encounter the error "ImportError: No module named ...". This issue arises when PyInstaller fails to include dependencies in the generated executable file.

One common cause for this error is dynamic imports. When your code imports modules dynamically (i.e., at runtime), PyInstaller might not recognize them and therefore omit them from the executable. To resolve this, there are two options:

1. Manually Import Unused Modules:

Add an unused import statement for the missing module in your code. This will force PyInstaller to include the module even if it's not explicitly used.

2. Specify Optional Dependencies:

Use the hiddenimports parameter in your *.spec file to explicitly instruct PyInstaller to include specific modules. For example, if your script imports mysql and urllib2, add the following to your *.spec file:

hiddenimports = ['mysql', 'urllib2']

Note: The --onefile option in PyInstaller does not directly affect the inclusion of dependencies. It merely bundles all necessary files into a single executable file, while unpacking them temporarily during execution.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your PyInstaller-generated executable resolves dependencies and runs as expected.

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