How to Include JAR Files in Java Compilation Using Command Prompt?

Including JAR Files in Java Compilation Using Command Prompt

Compiling a Java file that relies on external JAR files can be achieved through the command prompt. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to include JAR files during compilation.

Compilation Command with "-cp" Option

The simplest method is to specify the JAR files using the "-cp" (classpath) option in the javac command. The syntax is as follows:

javac -cp ".:<path_to_jar_1>;<path_to_jar_2>;" MyJavaFile.java</path_to_jar_2></path_to_jar_1>

For example:

javac -cp ".:/home/path/mail.jar:/home/path/servlet.jar;" MyJavaFile.java

Using "-classpath" Option

If preferred, you can use "-classpath" instead of "-cp". The syntax remains the same:

javac -classpath ".:/home/path/mail.jar:/home/path/servlet.jar:" MyJavaFile.java

Setting the CLASSPATH Environment

To avoid specifying JAR files repeatedly, you can set the "CLASSPATH" environment variable. This variable stores the paths to the JAR files and classes required for compilation and execution.

The specific commands for setting CLASSPATH differ based on the operating system. Refer to online resources for detailed instructions on setting CLASSPATH for Windows, Linux, etc.

Example

A blog post at javarevisited.blogspot.com provides further insights into how the CLASSPATH works in Java: http://javarevisited.blogspot.com/2011/01/how-classpath-work-in-java.html

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