How to Execute Remote Commands with SSH in a Golang CLI?

Execute Remote Commands with SSH in Golang CLI

Executing commands on remote machines is a common task when automating system administration. In Golang, the "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh" package offers a convenient way to establish SSH connections and run commands remotely.

To execute a command on a remote machine, follow these steps:

1. Establish an SSH Connection:
   Use the ssh.Dial function to establish an SSH connection to the remote machine. You will need to provide the following information:

   • Username
   • IP address or hostname
   • Port (default is 22)
   • Authentication credentials (key or password)
2. Create an SSH Session:
   Once the connection is established, use the NewSession function to create a new session. The session represents a connection to a specific command.
3. Configure Input and Output:
   You can configure the standard in and out streams for the session. For example, you can redirect the output to a bytes.Buffer to capture the command results.
4. Run the Command:
   Use the session.Run function to execute the desired command on the remote machine. This function will block until the command completes.

Here is an example function demonstrating how to run a remote command and return its output:

import (
    "bytes"
    "net"

    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
)

func remoteRun(user, addr, privateKey, cmd string) (string, error) {
    key, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey([]byte(privateKey))
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }

    config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
        User: user,
        HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey(),
        Auth: []ssh.AuthMethod{
            ssh.PublicKeys(key),
        },
    }

    client, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", net.JoinHostPort(addr, "22"), config)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }

    session, err := client.NewSession()
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }
    defer session.Close()

    var b bytes.Buffer  // capture output
    session.Stdout = &b // get output

    err = session.Run(cmd)
    return b.String(), err
}

This function can be used to execute commands on remote machines, providing a convenient way to automate system administration tasks from Golang CLI scripts.

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