How Do I Force a Browser Refresh to See My Code Changes?

Force Browser Refresh: Cache Invalidation for CSS and JavaScript

When developing websites, it's frustrating to encounter browser caching issues that prevent immediate updates from reflecting in the display. This can lead to confusion and wasted time. Fortunately, there are methods to force browser refresh and ensure modified code is applied promptly.

General Solution

The most effective solution is a browser hard refresh, achieved by pressing Ctrl Shift R or Cmd Shift R on a Mac. This bypasses cached content and retrieves fresh data from the server.

PHP

For PHP-based websites, a PHP script can be modified to disable caching. This can be done by setting the expiration header to a past date, effectively marking the content as expired:

header("Expires: Tue, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT");
header("Last-Modified: " . gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s") . " GMT");
header("Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, max-age=0");
header("Cache-Control: post-check=0, pre-check=0", false);
header("Pragma: no-cache");

Chrome

Google Chrome provides an option in its developer tools to disable caching. To access it, press F12, click the gear icon, and select "Disable cache" in the settings dialog.

Firefox

In Firefox, enter about:config into the URL bar and locate the preference titled network.http.use-cache. Set this value to false to disable browser caching.

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