How do I add headers and footers to a RecyclerView in Android 5.0 using a custom adapter?

Adding Headers and Footers to RecyclerView in Android 5.0

Adding headers and footers to a RecyclerView can enhance the presentation and functionality of data lists. However, the process can sometimes encounter challenges, as demonstrated in the original question. To address these issues, let's delve into the provided code snippets and explore an alternative approach for creating custom adapters with headers and footers.

Initial Attempt:

The original code attempts to add a header to a RecyclerView using LayoutManager.addView(View view). However, this approach encounters a NullPointerException because adding views through LayoutManager is not the intended way to manage headers and footers.

Custom Adapter with ViewHolder:

Instead of relying on LayoutManager, a custom adapter can be created to handle the display of headers and footers while preserving the recycling functionality of RecyclerView. This approach involves defining two types of ViewHolder classes: one for the header/footer and one for the data items.

ViewHolder.bindView()

Inside the ViewHolder class, implement the bindView() method, which is called for each item in the adapter. This method can bind the item's data to the view. When adding a footer, the bindView() method in the FooterViewHolder class can be empty or perform desired actions.

onCreateViewHolder()

In the onCreateViewHolder() method of the custom adapter, inflate and instantiate the appropriate ViewHolder based on the item's position. The position parameter provides the current index of the item in the list.

getItemViewType()

Overriding getItemViewType() allows you to specify the type of view to be created for a given item position. For instance, if you have a header, data items, and a footer, you can return different values for FOOTER_VIEW, NORMAL_VIEW, and HEADER_VIEW.

getItemCount()

Adjust the getItemCount() to account for the headers and footers. Include the count of footer, header, and data items in the return value.

Example Implementation:

// Custom Adapter Class
public class HeaderFooterAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {

    private List<Object> data;

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        switch (viewType) {
            case VIEW_TYPE_HEADER:
                View headerView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.header_layout, parent, false);
                return new HeaderViewHolder(headerView);
            case VIEW_TYPE_FOOTER:
                View footerView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.footer_layout, parent, false);
                return new FooterViewHolder(footerView);
            default:
                View itemView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.normal_item_layout, parent, false);
                return new ItemViewHolder(itemView);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        switch (holder.getItemViewType()) {
            case VIEW_TYPE_HEADER:
                // No binding for header
                break;
            case VIEW_TYPE_FOOTER:
                // No binding for footer
                break;
            default:
                ItemViewHolder itemViewHolder = (ItemViewHolder) holder;
                itemViewHolder.bind(data.get(position - 1));  // Adjust position if header exists
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return data.size() + 1;  // +1 if footer exists
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        if (position == 0 && hasHeader)  return VIEW_TYPE_HEADER;
        else if (position == getItemCount() - 1 && hasFooter) return VIEW_TYPE_FOOTER;
        else return VIEW_TYPE_ITEM;
    }
}

// ViewHolder Classes for Header, Footer, and Item
public class HeaderViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {}
public class FooterViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {}
public class ItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    public ItemViewHolder(View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        // Initialize item views
    }

    public void bind(Object item) {
        // Bind item data to views
    }
}

Utilizing this custom adapter, you can now seamlessly add headers and footers to your RecyclerView while maintaining the benefits of item recycling.

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