How are destructors for global and class static variables handled in C ?

Global and Class Static Variable Destruction in C

In C , the runtime behavior of destructors for global and class static variables differs from regular dynamic variables. Unlike objects allocated on the stack, global and class-static variables reside in the data area of the program, raising questions about their destruction mechanism.

Destructor Call Timing

According to the C 03 standard (Section 3.6.3), destructors for statically allocated objects (such as global or class-static variables) are called when the program exits or returns from the main function. This behavior stems from their global scope.

Destruction Order

The destruction order for global and class-static variables follows a reverse initialization order. In other words, variables declared later in the code are destroyed first, and those declared earlier are destroyed last.

Additionally, static data members inherit the same destruction behavior as non-local objects. They are initialized and destroyed like static variables declared outside class definitions.

Exceptions

It's worth noting that destructors may not be invoked if they have no observable behavior. This means they can be skipped during destruction if they have an empty body or do not perform any side effects.

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