Why Can\'t I Connect to MySQL on Localhost with PyMySQL?

Trouble Connecting to MySQL with PyMySQL on Localhost

When attempting to establish a connection to MySQL on localhost using PyMySQL:

<code class="python">import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', host='localhost')</code>

One may encounter the following error:

socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection refused
pymysql.err.OperationalError: (2003, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (111)")

This problem persists across both Python 2.7 and Python 3.2, despite MySQL running as confirmed by successful connections through mysql command or phpMyAdmin. Additionally, a nearly identical code snippet works using MySQLdb in Python 2.

Potential Solutions

Two possible explanations for this issue:

1. Socket Location: Use mysqladmin variables | grep socket to identify the socket location and connect using:

<code class="python">pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', unix_socket="/tmp/mysql.sock")</code>

2. Port Assignment: Check that the port is set to 3306 using mysqladmin variables | grep port. If it differs, manually specify the port in the connection:

<code class="python">pymysql.connect(db='base', user='root', passwd='pwd', host='localhost', port=XXXX)</code>

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